The location, complex topography, climate and evolutionary history of our country have resulted in a great richness of environment, fauna and flora, and this has put us among the top five places in the world. This great natural diversity has been presented to us and offers many development opportunities while giving us a great responsibility as custodians of nature.

Hotspots. Mexico contains portions of three of the 34 "hotspots" on the planet. These hotspots are regions with at least 1500 endemic species of vascular flowering plants (more than 0.5 percent of the total species in the world) which have lost at least 70% of the original extent of their habitat. "Hotspots" have some features of isolation that differentiates them from their neighbouring regions.

In Mexico the “hotspots” are: the Pine-Oak Forests of the Sierra Madre (including the Sierra Madre del Sur and the Neovolcanic axis); Mesoamerica (including Southeast Mexico, the Atlantic and Pacific coasts and the Balsas river basin); and the southern portion of the California Floristic Province.

Wilderness areas. Mexico has three of the 37 "Wilderness Areas" of the planet. These areas retain 70% or more of their original habitat in good condition, and cover at least 10,000 km² with a density of less than 5 inhabitants per square kilometre.

The wilderness areas of Mexico are: The Chihuahuan Desert, which covers part of the states of Chihuahua, Coahuila and Nuevo

Leon; the Sonora Desert, which occupies Sonora State and the Baja Californian Desert, located in both states of the peninsula.